Positive And Negative Effects Of Community Policing Free Essay Example, 7000 words

The birth of the term police as today s concept may be contributed to Henry Fielding. In 1848, Fielding who was a magistrate at that time conceived the idea of crime prevention as the principal task of the police force. He believed that a strong police and cooperation of the public could eliminate the causes of the crime and thus reduce crime in the society. He introduced the horse patrol and crime reporting system by the victims. After his death, John Fielding, his brother continued to develop further the idea of police. Besides, Fielding brothers, Patrick Colquhoun, a police reformer of the eighteenth century advocated that the primary goal of the police force was to prevent crime; recommended separation of judicial powers from police. The crime prevention idea set forth by the Fielding brothers and Colquhoun became the cornerstone for today's concept of community policing (Palmiotto 4-6). The history of policing through its failures and successes created the roots for community policing philosophy. Sir Robert Peel in 1929 with the formation of the London Metropolitan Police District laid the foundation of modern community policing philosophy. We will write a custom essay sample on Positive And Negative Effects Of Community Policing or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Sir Peel in 1929 developed the idea that prevention of crime should be the main objective of the police force. However, it took a long time before it became the objective of the American police force. American police were trained to respond to the commission of a crime (Palmiotto 14). American police historically lacked police-citizen interaction. Police strategy in America, at the beginning of the 20th century, was political. Policing represented the will of the political powers and their dominance in public life. In early 1900, police actions were directed to help those in power while punishing their political enemies (Greene 305). By the beginning of the 1920s, police lawlessness became a legend, and reformers sought to separate police from political control.

Ten Causes of Workplace Accidents - 888 Words

10 Causes of Workplace Accidents: Workplace environments normally consist of subtle safety hazards that have the possibility of causing injuries to workers. Therefore, the responsibility of maintaining safety and ensuring that safety hazards are abolished is both a duty of the employers and employees as well. Nonetheless, workplace accident usually occurs and cant be totally avoided as workers sometimes get injured on the job. Workplace accidents and injuries tend to cost the business more time and money and require knowledge regarding the various types of injuries. Common Types of Workplace Accidents: There are several common types of accidents and injuries in the workplace that have been classified into various categories. Some of these common types of injuries and accidents include strips, trips and falls, general injuries, and ergonomic injuries (Sheahan, n.d.). Strips, trips and falls that normally result in sprains and strains are regarded as the most common type of accidents and injuries in todays workplace (Accidents in the Workplace, n.d.). Actually, this type of accidents account for an estimated 41 percent of all the workplace accidents that require time away from work. In the past few years, 4 out of every 10 accidents in the workplace have usually been sprains and strains that involve falls and overexertion. Ergonomic accidents or injuries can take place from minor things like lots of sitting in positions that are regarded as ergonomicallyShow MoreRelatedAssignment Questions On Business Psychology1199 Words   |  5 Pagescompensat ion related expenses in the U.S.[Liberty Mutual 2014] . 10 Top expensive claims in regards to Workplace Injuries : #1 Overexertion The expense: $15 Billion #2 Falls (on the same floor) $9.19 Billion #3 Equipment or object striking someone $5.3 Billion #4 Falls to a level lower $5.12 Billion #5 Bodily reactions and/or exertions $4.27 Billion #6 Accidents that involve moving vehicles $3 Billion #7 Slip without actually falling to the floor Read MoreThe Construction Industry Development Board1454 Words   |  6 Pages(CIDB) was established as a government agency to facilitate and act as a catalyst to the development, is generally representing the construction industry to the government and the public. (Chan, 2009). According to Hiap (2012), the CIDB published a ten year Construction Industry Master Plan (CIMP) towards the end of year 2007, the aim is to refocus the strategic position and charting the future direction of the industry. The construction industry is one of the highest contributing in country’sRead MoreImpact Of Nursing Professionals On The Workplace904 Words   |  4 PagesImpacts on Nursing Professionals Health in the Workplace Nursing is a physically and psychologically demanding profession that can lead to injury and accidents in the workplace. Some of these injuries result in worker compensation claims due to the disabling nature of the injury. â€Å"Overexertion injuries cost America $13.6 billion in 2010 (nominal) compared to $10.0 billion in 1998 despite much research on safer handling practices during this period† (Marucci-Wellman et al., 2015, p. 57) Nurses canRead MoreWork And Adopt A Natural Energy Booster, The Common Nap Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pagesbooster, the common nap. Workplace napping is an innovative, low-cost method that is starting to be incorporating at people’s places of work. Many people associate naps with laziness, however, businesses are evaluating the importance of naps in the workplace, as they hold various benefits such as an increase in performance, attentiveness, and overall productivity. Naps have held many stigmas over the years and are often seen as very unprofessional in the traditional workplace. Many say it leads toRead MoreNEBOSH IGC ANSWER Essay8290 Words   |  34 Pagesconsequences of an accident to: (i) the injured workers; (3) Moral: Any health and safety accident which leads to human harm will involve a degree of pain and suffering for the individual, possibly their family and friends. (ii) their employer. (3) Failure to comply with health and safety laws within a country, which then cause an incident can then lead to a criminal and/or civil legal action. If found guilty this could involve considerable fines and/or compensation awards. Economic: Accidents cost a greatRead MoreQcf641 Conforming to General Health, Safety and Welfare in the Workplace1214 Words   |  5 PagesHealth, Safety and Welfare in the Workplace Additional evidence must be attached to this document. (Photographs witness statements etc can be placed alongside the write up within the Text box or at the bottom of the write-up). You must try and answer every question as detailed as possible, one word and one sentence answers will not do. 1. Comply with all workplace health, safety and welfare legislation requirements. 1.1 Comply with information from workplace inductions and any health, safetyRead MoreFall Accidents Caused By Accidents1014 Words   |  5 Pages Fall accidents have been determined to be the single main cause of injuries and fatalities in the construction industry in the United States. The numbers of construction related fatalities from falls have declined between the years of 2006 through 2010, but the problem of falls consumes one third of the construction industry work related fatalities. Construction related falls is at the top of the OSHA list of fatal four. Even with the staggering numbers involving construction and falls there hasRead MoreHse, Risk Assessment1720 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction: A Health and Safety risk assessment is a planned process in which all hazards in the workplace are identified and their risk prospective evaluated. The risk possible is a mixture of the likelihood â€Å"when could an accident happen† with the severity â€Å"what could result† if an accident did happen. Once the risk potential has been identified, it will allow you to decide whether you have taken adequate (reasonable practicable) precaution or whether you need to do more to prevent harmRead MoreThe Reasons Why Inequality Still Lurks Within Society Today s Society1717 Words   |  7 Pagesterrible actions by companies and employers. These people are one of the reasons why inequality still lurks in society today. The types of discrimination fall into three major categories. Age, gender, and racial discrimination are relevant in the workplace and job interviews. Elders over the age of fifty-five are having a hard time finding a job do to their age. Mary Gambill, who is a sixty-five year old job seeker, fears that her age turns away employers. Mary states that, â€Å"‘I think that sometimesRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legal?1197 Words   |  5 Pagesyears ago and it serves as an entry point for the use of other illegal drugs.† Legalizing marijuana in the state of Arkansas will be more of a serious problem for the adolescents and the younger population. This age is critical for this population cause of the influences, such as fitting in, peer pressure, and increase in wanting to try new things. Most importantly, the mental health professionals are concerned about the effects it has on the populations, especially the adolescents or young adults

Becks Cognitive Therapy free essay sample

This paper defines, applies and evaluates Aaron Becks cognitive therapy. The author states that cognitive therapy relates to how a person thinks and attempts to resolve the patients problems by changing how they think. The author believes that the strengths of cognitive therapy is that it is a comforting process and an action-oriented approach focused in the present. The author continues that the weakness is it may not work in extreme cases. Table of Contents Introduction Applications of Cognitive Therapy Listening to Internal Dialogue Dream Therapy Conditions Treated by Cognitive Therapy Depression Suicide Prevention Strengths and Weaknesses Ellis Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET) Strengths and Weaknesses `Beck believed that problems resulted from cognitive distortions, that is, were based in a persons thinking. Beck believed that a persons thought, beliefs, attitudes and perceptions were the basis for what emotions they would experience and how intense those emotions would be and that by changing the thinking a person could change their experience. We will write a custom essay sample on Becks Cognitive Therapy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page `

Accounting Theory and Practice Research

Question: Write about theAccounting Theory and Practicefor Research. Answer: Bhp and Vale Edge Closer To $47.5 Billion Samarco Dam Disaster Settlement BHP Billiton and Vale entered into a joint venture with Samarco for the purpose of building a dam. They initiated a preliminary agreement stating the process and timeline for settling the litigation in case of any mishappening. The dam felled injuring 16 people and 19 deaths including environmental damage. Further the agreement gives relief to companies by providing $US 675 million to recover losses. Samarco shall require numerous approvals to further carry on any activity. The case acquittal shall be declared on June 30, 2017 (Evlin, 2017). Accounting Theory The legitimacy theory states that the company shall understand its corporate social and environmental responsibility and disclose the mandatory information required by the public. The company shall understand the value of rules and norm made by the government and shall comply it accordingly. Suchman explained this theory as, Legitimacy is a generalized perception or assumption that the actions of an entity are desirable, proper, or appropriate within some socially constructed system of norms, values, beliefs, and definitions. In case the company fails to act according to the social expectations then the company shall be restricted from doing its business activities until and unless the company itself provides justification through its social actions for the betterment of environment (Belal, 2008). Analysis As the legitimacy theory states that the organization shall disclose its environmental as well as social information in order to legitimate their legitimacy. It shall also take concrete actions with respect of the social guidelines (Bebbington, Larrinaga-Gonzlez Moneva-Abada, 2008). In the given case of BHP and Vale, the joint venture of BHP and Vale with Samarco didnt work well occurring in a dam disaster and leaving 19 people dead and 16 injured. As per the information disclosed by the organization about preliminary agreement, the companies shall provide initial security of USD 675 as remedy for affected areas. And the litigation defines the company Samarco shall be suspended for damaging the environment and shall further carry on its action with the approval of government only. According to the analysis, the article totally relates to the legitimate theory as the article talks about the disaster occurred in Brazil and remedial measures taken by the organizations and government to resolve the issue (McWilliams, Siegel, 2001). Further adding to it, the theory defines that the organizations shall voluntarily disclosed the vital information about the company which might affect the environment. Connecting to theory in the given case, BHP and Vale disclosed all the information of the preliminary contract in order to build trust in the society. The company also requires taking licenses from the government in order to start any commercial agreement with any other organization as well. The legitimate theory emanates that the companies needs reveal its corporate environmental information and wok on them as well in order to maintain trust (Abrutyn, 2016). Similarly, in the case of BHP and Vale, the government obligated the companies the pay USD 675 million as security and USD 60 million to support environmental programs. This step was taken by government as well as companies to negotiate the damage done due to their negligence and for the betterment of public on a whole. Conclusion Following the litigation theory, the organizations need to be aware of its corporate social responsibility. The organization and government shall act in accordance with the rules and norms defined so that harmony is maintained in the society (ODonovan, 2002). References Abrutyn, S. (2016). Handbook of Contemporary Sociological Theory. Switzerland; Springer International Publishing. Bebbington, J., Larrinaga-Gonzlez, C., Moneva-Abada, J. M. (2008). Legitimating reputation/the reputation of legitimacy theory.Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal,21(3), 371-374. Belal, A. R. (2008). Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting in Developing Countries.USA; Ashgate Publishing Company. Evlin, L. (2017). BHP and Vale closer to $47.5 billion Samarco dam disaster settlement. Viewed on 2 may 2017 from https://www.businessnewsaus.com.au/articles/bhp-and-vale-edge-closer-to--47-5-billion-samarco-dam-disaster-settlement.html?utm_medium=emailutm_source=www.thewebconsole.comutm_campaign=BNA+news+update+20+January+2016utm_content=28911855c=29684491_c=4db9e1f2b3dc112a5066d7ed87f8bdcd McWilliams, A., Siegel, D. (2001). Corporate social responsibility: A theory of the firm perspective.Academy of management review,26(1), 117-127. ODonovan, G. (2002). Environmental disclosures in the annual report: Extending the applicability and predictive power of legitimacy theory.Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal,15(3), 344-371.

The Dubai Investment Company Change Management

Introduction The topic of change management has solicited a tremendous amount of interest among managers and management scholars in recent times. This has led to an explosion of literature and research on the topic.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Dubai Investment Company Change Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through change management, organizations are able to guide their employees in embracing changes that are both in the organization and in the organization’s external environment. It begins with the analysis of the existing state of the organization with the aim of determining the exact reason to effect change and the potential of the organization in effecting the change process. The need to understand change management is driven by the rapid changes in the working world due to new technologies and the subsequent realignment of the working environment. These have altered the traditiona l way in which organizations conduct their businesses and the relationships between the employees and their employers. The recruitment in an organization’s human resource goes beyond satisfying the company’s grand strategies and dishing out new job titles. Managers have always struggled with the question of how preferred organizational changes can be driven and effected by the human resource department in order to achieve the maximum intended effect. In this case, the human resource department will be in a position to come up with solid change proposals that the strategic managers can adopt Objectives This project’s aim is to explain how the recruitment in the HR function always drives change in organizations. This is in relation to the corporate truism ‘change or perish’ and demystify the notion that human resource changes are meant to cause disruptions in the organizational structure. It seeks to identify the best way to adopt change management, a s past research has shown that not all corporate changes are successful. Organizations are known to start change management programs which often do not mature hence the failure to achieve the intended goals through organizational change. In as much as this project is limited to the human resource function in change management, it takes a strategic management approach to the whole process and seeks to show the process of effecting real change, which will be reflected in the organization’s profit margins, human resource should not be considered a purely administrative function, but rather a strategic partner in the organization.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This study will specifically concentrate on how the recruitment in the human resource department drives change in organizations and its effect on the existing human capital. It will identify the direct financial implications of these changes that are due to recruitment and also identify the human resource and strategic management models that are credited for the best successes in organizational change. The study will take approximately three months and it will be limited to the Dubai investment company. Relevant literature Tom Baum gives insight into the human resource management practices in the hospitality, tourism or leisure industries which are currently big business in Dubai (Baum 48). Baum (64) also gives an insight on the hospitality sectors that the Dubai Investment runs and the human resource practices in those investment ventures. Another relevant literature to this topic is the work of Sylvie and Witherspoon. In their contribution to this topic, Sylvie and Witherspoon provide insights into the motivations of change in organizations (Sylvie and Witherspoon 54-63). They also show how these changes are linked to the human resource department as they are adopted and incorporated into the strategic management of organizations. On the other hand, Wang (74 provides insights into how public and private organization use recruitment and performance appraisal by the human resource department to effect change in the organization. Wang also gives statistical data to support its suggestions on recruitment and change in organizations. Wang notes that there is a notable change in human resource approaches even in the Middle East where employment regulations have been considered static. Markaz (60) gives insight into the changing corporate information systems especially in companies that operate in the Arab world. He also explores how these changes in information systems are being adopted by organizations especially the Dubai investment company and the Abu Dhabi investment company. In the process of this analysis Markaz (60) also expounds on the process and the consequences of the adoption of various change initiatives. In their analysis of this topic, Matly and Dillon (112 ) gives statistical data on the Dubai economy in general. They also provide insight on the growth of the economy over time as a result of different Dubai investment organization’s adoption of changes in their human resource management.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Dubai Investment Company Change Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Research Design This research will employ a survey research design. This research design is relatively effective in obtaining information on the accounts of private authors and institutional data analysts. The selected design is specifically suitable since the population being researched on is relatively large and the phenomena under observation can be observed. The survey research design is often used due to its low cost especially where the information is easily accessible. Since the topic under investigation has greatly gained preeminence in the recent past, t here are numerous sources of information that can easily be utilized through the use of a survey design. Data collection The study will use secondary data where previous articles and statistical reports on the research question will be sampled and reviewed. The works of other authors will be reviewed in reference to the question of how the recruitment in the human resource function always drives change in corporate organizations and the effect of this change to available human capital. This mode of data collection is cheap since it is readily available and it is also effective since it widens the scope of the survey. Data Analysis The statistical data collected will be analyzed by the use of mean, mode and median. Hypothesis will be tested using a T-test. This will be done regardless of whether the collected data had been previously analysed. T-test is used when comparing statistical data models that have been fit to a data set in order to identify the model that best fits the popul ation from which the data was sampled. It also ensures the validity of results as originality and accuracy is maintained as previous biases are eliminated Potential problems Due the nature of secondary information on the Dubai investment company, some of the critical information may be edited and therefore, it may not be easily accessible. Also, some of the company’s records may not be available to the general public which may make the discussion of the research question not to be exhaustively analyzed. However, I will try as much as I can to exhaustively analyze any available internal information that could lead to further insight into the Dubai investment company’s strategic and human resource management strategies and their relation to organizational change.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited Baum, Tom. Human resource management for tourism, hospitality and leisure: an International perspective. Upper Saddle River: Cengage Learning EMEA. 2006. Print. Markaz al-ImÄ rÄ t lil-DirÄ sÄ t wa-al-Buá ¸ ¥Ã… «th al-IstirÄ tÄ «jÄ «yah. The information revolution and the Arab world: its impact on state and society. Dubai: I.B.Tauris. 1998. Print. Matly, Michael and Dillon, Laura. Dubai Strategy: Past, Present, Future. Boston: Harvard Business School. 2007. Print. Sylvie, George,and Witherspoon, Patricia. Time, change and the American newspaper. New York: Routledge. 2002. Print. Wang, XiaoHu. Performance analysis for public and nonprofit organizations. New York: Jones Bartlett Learning. 2010. Print. This report on The Dubai Investment Company Change Management was written and submitted by user Sincere Schmidt to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Simple Conjugations for the French Verb Baigner

Simple Conjugations for the French Verb Baigner In French,  baigner  means to bathe someone else. Its used in a different context than  laver  (to wash)  and  mouiller  (to wet, drench). For instance, you would use  baigner le chien when you want to say to bathe the dog. This is a rather useful verb to learn and conjugating it to the present, past, and future tenses is relatively easy. The following lesson will guide you through the many forms of  baigner. Conjugating the French Verb  Baigner First of all, the pronunciation of  baigner  is not [bag-ner] as the GN creates a softer sound. You can hear it  in  champagne  and  une  baignoire  (bathtub). Once you get the pronunciation correct, youll be happy to know that the conjugations of baigner follow the pattern of a  regular -ER verb. This means that if you can conjugate common verbs like  adorer  (to adore)  and  dà ©clarer (to declare), you can use those same endings in these verb forms. To do this, simply pair the subject pronoun with the appropriate tense needed for your sentence. For instance, I bathe is je baigne and we will bathe is nous baignerons. Subject Present Future Imperfect je baigne baignerai baignais tu baignes baigneras baignais il baigne baignera baignait nous baignons baignerons baignions vous baignez baignerez baigniez ils baignent baigneront baignaient What is the Present Participle of  Baigner The  present participle  of baigner  is  baignant. Notice how this transformation is done by replacing the -er  ending with -ant, which is equivalent to the English -ing. Baigners Past Participle and Passà © Composà © The  past participle  of this verb is baignà ©. It is used along with an  auxiliary verb  to create the common past tense of  passà © composà ©. The auxiliary verb  avoir  needs to be conjugated, though the past participle remains the same no matter which subject pronoun you use. As an example, I bathed is jai baignà ©. Similarly, we bathed is nous avons baignà ©. More Useful Conjugations of  Baigner There are a few other verb forms you may need from time to time. Of these, the subjunctive and conditional are most common and each implies a level of uncertainty to the action. For the conditional, the action of bathing may or may not happen depending on the circumstances. You may not use or see the passà © simple or the imperfect subjunctive very often. These are often reserved for formal French writing, though you should be able to recognize their association with  baigner. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Passà © Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je baigne baignerais baignai baignasse tu baignes baignerais baignas baignasses il baigne baignerait baigna baignà ¢t nous baignions baignerions baignà ¢mes baignassions vous baigniez baigneriez baignà ¢tes baignassiez ils baignent baigneraient baignà ¨rent baignassent One last conjugation is important to note for  baigner. The imperative is used in direct requests and demands and there is no need to use the subject pronoun. For these instances, simplify nous baignons to baignons. Imperative (tu) baigne (nous) baignons (vous) baignez

Service Project Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Service Project - Case Study Example The primary contact for the conference was Maurice Hoover. As far as planning of the conference most of it was already completed when we arrived, after we were informed as to where the various sessions would take place, all that was required was to help direct people and attend the lectures, which was quite interesting and very helpful. We also assisted in setting up chairs and other minor logistical issues. At the end we did help clean up and we left at around 5:30. The name of the conference where our service project took place was called "Equanimity: Maintaining Balance." The conference itself gave me much insight into the nature of Buddhism at least as it is practiced in the United States. Our classroom preparation on Buddhism gave me some familiarity with some of the terms they used, such as the sangha and the types of meditation. I was also aware, through my previous classroom experience, the deference paid to the leaders of the conference. In this reflection paper I will try to explain what I learned during this service project not only about Buddhism as a religion, but the way in which religion is understood and practiced and I hope to explain what I learned about myself as well. One thing I immediately learned is how different religions adjust to the culture in which they are practiced. For example one of the speakers the Venerable Bhante Kassapa Bhikkhu engages in a number of practices such as Sunday Services, and youth ministry. He is also the Chaplain to Buddhist inmates at a federal corrections facility in Texas. Furthermore, in the description of Kassapa they refer at one point to his close collaboration with an abbot. All of these practices and institutions are primarily Western in character, the abbot is a position within a Christian church and many of the other elements are also Christian in nature. This blending of religious practices is a common feature of religions, and in fact most religions undergo some level of syncretism. What is interesting in this case, is how seamlessly the blending of various practices seemed to be. One might expect that certain religions, especially ones that derive from a completely different tradition to be resistant t o these kinds of formal structures from other religious traditions. However, they have managed to do so and still recognize the authenticity of their traditions. The central concept during the panel discussion was about Equanimity. The Pali term for this is called Upekkha. Upekkha or Equanimity is very important concept in Buddhism for both the Theravada and Mahayana traditions. It is one of the Four Enlightened States and serves as a stepping stone to reach nirvana or sati. It is a part of the spiritual development process and is often considered the last-identified. In English equanimity refers to one's ability to be undisturbed mentally during periods of stress or trouble. This is not unrelated to the way upekkha is understood in Buddhism. It is important to note and as was emphasized during the panel